Limbic encephalitis with antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase presenting with brainstem symptoms

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase limbic encephalitis without epilepsy evolving into dementia with cerebellar ataxia.

OBJECTIVES To expand the spectrum of the clinical presentation of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies-related limbic encephalitis and to improve the recognition of this entity. DESIGN Case study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT An 11-year-old-girl with progressive mood and behavioral disorder, speech impairment, and short-term memory impairment who manifested cerebellar ataxi...

Monoclonal antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.

Five monoclonal antibodies that recognize chicken brain glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been selected and designated GAD-1 to -5. GAD-1 to -5 were selected on the basis of their ability to immunoprecipitate active GAD from crude brain extracts. GAD-1 recognizes an epitope that is conserved in many vertebrates; the epitope recognized by GAD-5 is restricted to the chicken. Radioimmunoassay...

Association of Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.

INVESTIGATION ON ANTI-GLUTAMIC ACID DECARBOXYLASE ANTIBODIES IN TYPE I DIABE TES MELLITUS

Antibodies directed against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are believed to be the main cause of destruction of pancreatic islet cells in type I (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. The enzyme was found both in the brain and pancreatic beta cells. Although similarities in identity of GAD in human and rat brain have been demonstrated, little is known about the interaction betw...

Experience with immunotherapy in 3 patients with cerebellar ataxia associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.

La asociación con niveles altos de anticuerpos contra la enzima carboxilasa del ácido glutámico (anti-GAD) es bien conocida en el síndrome de la persona rígida o Stiff person syndrome (SPS) y, más recientemente, también se han descrito en un subgrupo de pacientes con ataxia cerebelosa1,2. Sobre la base del probable origen autoinmune de estos síndromes se han ensayado distintas terapias inmunomo...